安装环境：

OS:RHL5+ORACLE10G10.2.0.1
IP:192.168.1.202(primary) 192.168.1.102(standby)
ORACLE_SID:oradb
ORACLE_HOME:/u01/oracle/product/10g

配置standby database为MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE模式

1.设置主库为force logging

[oracle@primary /]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup
SQL> alter database force logging;
2.设置primary(主库)为归档模式：
SQL> archive log list
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/archivelog/arch1' scope=spfile;  //设置归档路径
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> archive log list;
3.检查primary(主库)是否有口令文件,如没有需建立
orapwd file='/u01/oracle/product/10g/dbs/orawdorcl.ora' password=oracledb entries=5
4.为主数据库添加"备用联机日志文件"
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/redo04.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/redo05.log') size 50m;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/redo06.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/redo07.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
5.修改primary(主库)参数文件
SQL> create pfile='/u01/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initoradb.ora' from spfile;
[oracle@primary /]$ vi /u01/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initoradb.ora
oradb.__db_cache_size=155189248
oradb.__java_pool_size=4194304
oradb.__large_pool_size=4194304
oradb.__shared_pool_size=62914560
oradb.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/oracle/product/admin/oradb/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/product/admin/oradb/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/control01.ctl','/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/control02.ctl','/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/product/admin/oradb/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='oradb'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/oracle/product/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=oradbXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=75497472
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=228589568
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/product/admin/oradb/udump'

#add below parameter for primary database   //添加以下配置信息

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='primary'
*.FAL_CLIENT='primary'
*.FAL_SERVER='standby'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/archivelog/arch1 VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=standby arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'

 6.primary(主库)用PFILE建立SPFILE

[oracle@primary /]$ sqlplus '/ as sysdba'
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initoradb.ora';
7.建立备用库的控制文件
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/standby_ctl01.ctl';
8. 配置primary(主库) listener.ora,tnsnames.ora 文件
[root@primary /]# cd /u01/app/oracle/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin
[root@primary admin]# vi listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = oradb)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/10g)
      (SID_NAME = oradb)
    )
  )
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.202)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

[root@primary admin]# vi tnsnames.ora

PRIMARY =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.202)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
    (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = oradb)
    )
  )
STANDBY =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.102)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
    (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = oradb)
    )
  )
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

到此primary(主库)就配置完成，下面进入standby(备库)配置：

1. 安装oracle 10g 数据库软件，不创建数据库。

注：standby(备库)安装的数据库版本与目录结构与primary(主库)相同。
2.拷贝 primary(主库)的密码文件，控制文件，数据文件，参数文件，日志文件到 standby(备库)
[root@primary admin]# cd /u01/oracle/product/
[root@primary product]# ls
10g  admin  flash_recovery_area  oradata  oraInventory
[root@primary product]# scp -r admin
[root@primary product]# scp -r oradata
[root@primary product]# scp -r flash_recovery_area
[root@primary product]# scp -r admin
[root@primary dbs]# cd /u01/oracle/product/10g/dbs/
[root@primary product]# scp -r initoradb.ora
[root@primary product]# scp -r orapworadb
3.登录 standby(备库) 进行配置：
[root@standby /]# cd /u01/oracle/product/
[root@standby product]# chown -R oracle:oinstall admin flash_recovery_area oradata
[root@standby product]# cd oradata
[root@standby oradb]# ls
control01.ctl  control03.ctl  redo01.log  redo03.log  redo05.log  redo07.log         sysaux01.dbf  temp01.dbf     users01.dbf
control02.ctl  example01.dbf  redo02.log  redo04.log  redo06.log  standby_ctl01.ctl  system01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf
[root@standby oradb]# rm -rf control01.ctl
[root@standby oradb]# mv standby_ctl01.ctl control01.ctl
[root@standby oradb]# rm -rf control02.ctl control03.ctl
[root@standby oradb]# ls
control01.ctl  redo01.log  redo03.log  redo05.log  redo07.log    system01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf
example01.dbf  redo02.log  redo04.log  redo06.log  sysaux01.dbf  temp01.dbf    users01.dbf
[root@standby oradb]# cp control01.ctl control02.ctl
[root@standby oradb]# cp control01.ctl control03.ctl
[root@standby oradb]# ls
control01.ctl  control03.ctl  redo01.log  redo03.log  redo05.log  redo07.log    system01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf
control02.ctl  example01.dbf  redo02.log  redo04.log  redo06.log  sysaux01.dbf  temp01.dbf    users01.dbf
[root@standby /]# cd /u01/oracle/product/10g/dbs/
[root@standby dbs]# chown -R oracle:oinstall orapworadb initoradb.ora
4.修改 standby(备库)参数文件
[root@standby /]# cd /u01/oracle/product/10g/dbs
[root@standby dbs]# vi initoradb.ora
修改为如下：
oradb.__db_cache_size=150994944
oradb.__java_pool_size=4194304
oradb.__large_pool_size=4194304
oradb.__shared_pool_size=67108864
oradb.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/oracle/product/admin/oradb/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/product/admin/oradb/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/control01.ctl','/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/control02.ctl','/u01/oracle/product/oradata/oradb/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/product/admin/oradb/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='oradb'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/oracle/product/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=oradbXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT='%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=75497472
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=228589568
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/product/admin/oradb/udump'

#add below parameter for standby database                    //添加以下配置信息

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='standby'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/archivelog/arch1 VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=standby arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'
*.FAL_CLIENT='standby'
*.FAL_SERVER='primary'

5.配置standby(备库) 的listener.ora，tnsnames.ora 文件

[root@standby /]# cd /u01/oracle/product/10g/network/admin/
[root@standby admin]# vi listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = oradb)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/10g)
      (SID_NAME = oradb)
    )
  )
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.102)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )
[root@standby admin]# vi tnsnames.ora
primary =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.202)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = oradb)
    )
  )
STANDBY =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.102)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = oradb)
    )
 
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

6. 测试 primary(主库)与 standby(备库)之间网络连通

[oracle@standby ~]$ lsnrctl start
[oracle@standby ~]$ tnsping primary
[oracle@primary ~]$ lsnrctl start
[oracle@primary ~]$ tnsping standby

7. 打开standby(备库)

[oracle@standby admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup mount pfile='/u01/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initoradb.ora';
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initoradb.ora';
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

注；Data Guard 启动顺序：standby(备库) -->  primary(主库)

    Data Guard 启动顺序: primary(主库) -->  standby(备库)

8.打开 primary(主库)

[oracle@primary /]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup

测试 primary(主库)与 standby(备库) 归档日志文件是否同步：

primary(主库)操作:
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
SQL> select FIRST_TIME,NEXT_TIME, APPLIED,SEQUENCE# from v$archived_log order by SEQUENCE#;
FIRST_TIM NEXT_TIME APP  SEQUENCE#
--------- --------- --- ----------
26-OCT-11 27-OCT-11 YES  12
27-OCT-11 27-OCT-11 YES  13

standby(备库)操作：

SQL> select FIRST_TIME,NEXT_TIME, APPLIED,SEQUENCE# from v$archived_log order by SEQUENCE#;

FIRST_TIM NEXT_TIME APP  SEQUENCE#

--------- --------- --- ----------
26-OCT-11 26-OCT-11 YES  12
26-OCT-11 26-OCT-11 YES  13
测试成功 ！！！

查看当前数据库的运行模式及状态：

SQL> select switchover_status,database_role,protection_mode from v$database;
备库停止归档日志应用
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
SQL> shutdown immediate;  
注意:数据库关机顺序。。。。。